Abstract

Therapeutic anthelmintic efficacy of Calotropis procera and Acacia nilotica against gastrointestinal nematodes of Mouflon sheep

Authors: Sayydah Suryya Sani, Iqra Ayub, Muhammad Shoaib and Fareeha Shabbier

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.71081/cvj/2023.011

Abstract
Small ruminants are especially susceptible to gastrointestinal nematodes when kept in captivity. Medicinal plants have bioactive compounds and are extensively used for treatment helminthes infection. This study's objective was to evaluate the possible anthelmintic activity of in-vitro leaf extracts from Calotropis procera (C. procera) and Acacia nilotica (A. nilotica) in three different solvents: aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic. The two assays used for the evaluation of anthelmintic activity against gastrointestinal nematodes of Mouflon sheep were egg hatch inhibition (EHI) and larval development inhibition (LDI). For EHI, aqueous, methanol and ethanol extracts of C. procera and A. nilotica had LC50=0.28, 0.23 and 0.17 mg/ml and 0.42, 0.36 and 0.27mg/ml, respectively while aqueous, methanol and ethanol extracts of C. procera and A. nilotica had 0.38, 0.26 and 0.19 mg/ml and 0.32, 0.25 and 0.17mg/ml, respectively. The most effective was ethanol extract for both egg hatching inhibition and larval development assay. These results showed that the leaves of C. procera and A. nilotica possess ovicidal and larvicidal properties against nematodes of wild sheep.

Keywords: Anthelmintic, Medicinal plants, Mouflon sheep, Nematodes