Abstract

Anti-Inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities of Allicin, Vitamin C and Doxycycline and their combination against Pasteurella multocida (a review)

Authors: Muhammad Imran, Tazmeen Umar, Habib ur Rehman, Mudassir Saleem and Haider Farooq

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.71081/cvj/2023.002

Abstract
P. multocida is an important pathogen that causes hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) disease in cattle and buffaloes. P. multocida infect wide range of animal including chickens, pigs, cats, minkes, lions, camels, elephants, deer, and horses. Outbreak of HS disease leads to heavy economic losses in milk and meat industry. Due to the outbreak of this respiratory disease especially Pakistan and India faced approximately USD 1.5 billion loss annually. In Pakistan only in the province of Punjab approximately 12.4 million USD losses annually due to this disease. Allicin has numerous useful physiological purposes, for instance anti-inflammatory, antiviral agent, immunomodulatory, anti-fatty liver effects by its bioactive components of garlic extract. Allicin is used to enhance adoptive and innate immunity by the activation of CD4+ T cells, maturation of dendritic cell, natural killer, and activation of macrophages and cytokines. Primary aims of vitamin C to immunomodulate and immunostimulants response of a host immune system against the pathogens. Vitamin C is used as the food supplements to overcome the bacterial load in host cell and also increased the survival rate of animals that are already suffered from P. multocida A infection. Doxycycline is broad-spectrum antibiotics. Doxycycline has a high level of activity against P. multocida, A. pleuropneumonia, and M. hyopneumoniae- induced respiratory infections in pigs. Current study carried out check to the potential efficacy of Allicin, vitamin C, and doxycycline in reducing the intensity of P. multocida infection in rabbits. The use of antibiotics like doxycycline was not given maximum protection than Allicin. The combination of Allicin vitamin C and doxycycline was given maximum protection instead of alone using all these treatments.

Keywords: Hemorrhagic septicemia, Prevalence, Allicin, Vitamin C, Doxycycline activity