Abstract

Public health-associated issues because of chemical drug residues in poultry product

Authors: Muhammad Subbayyal Akram, Zurisha Rani, Muhammad Abdul Samad, Muhammad Abdullah Qureshi, Muhammad Shafeeq Ur Rehman, Muhammad Azam Farooq Kasli, Muhammad Kashif Khan, Arsalan Said and Iftekhar Ahmed

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.71081/cvj/2023.016

Abstract
Poultry is among the most efficient sectors providing nutrition in the world. It is now a main source of protein for the increasing population. Poultry eggs and meat provide a wide range of micronutrients and macronutrients including proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. It provides not only nutrition to us, but it also threatens the population because of the vast use of drugs in poultry production. Different types of drugs are used for the treatment or prevention of diseases, but some farmers use them inappropriately, which leads to antimicrobial resistance and issues of drug residues. Antibiotics, including quinolones/fluoroquinolones, lincosamides, macrolide, polymyxins, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines are used for treatment and prevention and are also growth promoters. Penicillin is most important because numerous people show allergic reactions to it. Different anthelmintics, anticoccidials, and antivirals are also used in the poultry industry. Some drugs produce carcinogenic metabolites. Drugs should be used at appropriate times and in an adequate dose. Constant low-dose antibiotics cause modification in microflora and production of resistant pathogens strains. Poultry products containing more than the maximum residual levels permitted upon consumption may cause hypersensitivity, cancer, toxicity, or drug resistance in humans. E. coli, Campylobacter, and Salmonella are now resistant to numerous antibiotics. Drug residues affect human health very seriously. The emergence of drug-resistant pathogens poses a risk to public health. Developing resistance leads to treatment failures and there will be a need for new drugs, which is a challenging task. Drug withdrawal period must be ensured. Regular monitoring must be performed for drugs residing in an edible portion of poultry. Consumer safety should be the priority of production.

Keywords: Poultry; Drugs; Resistance; antibiotics