Abstract

Effect of metallic and nonmetallic nanoparticles (NPs) and their salts in reproductive biotechnology

Authors: Khadija Younas, Rana Aftab Ali Khan, Ali Numan, Hammad Ali, Ahsan Elahi, Aiman Khan, Rabia Zahid, Hassan Saeed, Kashif Iqbal, Muhammad Ali Huzaifa

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.71081/cvj/2024.014

Abstract
In order to maintain or enhance genetic diversity, particularly in endangered species, essential procedures are applied in a variety of species, including humans, livestock, and aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates. These techniques include sperm cryopreservation and in vitro embryo creation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are molecules made from oxygen, are frequently produced in greater amounts because of these techniques. ROS levels in cells can range from low to high, leading to a variety of effects including apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis. To combat and neutralize ROS, cells have intrinsic antioxidant systems made up of enzymes and non- enzymatic antioxidants. Free radicals and oxidative stress have a big impact on in vitro operations. To develop solutions to lessen their impacts, this review focuses on analyzing how metallic and nonmetallic (NPs), as well as their salts, regulate oxidative stress during in vitro embryo formation and sperm cryopreservation.

Keywords: Reproductive, Population, Conservation