Abstract

Epistaxis (nasal bleeding) in cows and buffaloes (an evidence-medicine based clinical review)

Authors: Ghulam Muhammad, Aliza Ali

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.71081/cvj/2024.011

Abstract
Epistaxis is the term used for bleeding from the nostrils. It is common in several animals including cattle and buffaloes. Clinically several cases of epistaxis have been reported in the female and male cattle and buffaloes. Epistaxis causes severe blood loss, bradycardia, and multiple other hematological complications. It may be caused by various infectious and noninfectious reasons. Infectious reasons include bacterial and viral diseases, while non-infectious reasons may include heat stress, parturition stress, malnutrition and several other issues. Major epistasis is observed in the summer season, while both young and adult animals are affected by it. Various case reports have been published. Epistaxis can be prevented by managing the factors that cause epistaxis in animals.

Keywords: Epistaxis, Cattle, Nasal cavity, Infections