Abstract

Impacts of ZnO nanoparticles on brain and spleen in male albino rats, A comprehensive exploration of diverse exposure routes

Authors: Rehana Iqbal, Muhammad Irfan, Amina Bibi, Eisha Batool, Rameen Ahmad, Ammat-u-Salam, Moeen Afzal

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.71081/cvj/2024.012

Abstract
Nanotechnology is rapidly developing in the fields of industry, medicine, and nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO Nps) toxicity on rats' Spleen and brain. In the brain, ZnO NPs cause alteration in histopathological and structural changes including necrosis, gliosis, and spongiform change. In spleen tissue results show that ZnO NPs exposure manages to induce alteration in various studied hematological parameters like neutrophils, platelets, and eosinophils which are found to increase significantly. However, hemoglobin content, PCV, and MCV decrease with increasing doses of ZnO NPs significantly DNA damage in rats. A flow cytometric study was performed for a better understanding of the underlying mechanism of the ZnO NPs- mediated toxicity. From the present investigation, an increase in ROS production, a decrease in MMP, and increased apoptosis were exhibited. The accumulation of nanoparticles has also shown a dose-dependent increase in the spleen and brain. Therefore, ZnO NPs may have the potential to induce a toxic effect even when exposed intermittently.

Keywords: Albino Rats, Zinc Oxide, Intraperitoneal Route, Megakaryocyte, Splenocytes