Abstract

Tuberculosis; Nanotechnology-Revolutionized Prevention & Treatment Strategies

Authors: Amna Tabassum, Muhammad Ahsan Javed, Sana Shahzad, Muhammad Haseeb Chaudhry, Ayesha Tariq, Shamreza Aziz, Shahid Hussain Farooqi, Muhammad Muneeb Ayub, Qamar un Nisa, Um-E-Habiba-U-Nisa, Tayyaba Akhtar and Tayyaba Ameer

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.71081/cvj/2024.024

Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), an intrinsic transmissible pathogen of the pulmonary system. The application of nanotechnology in creating nanoparticle and liposome-encapsulated anti-tubercular medicines is being researched for increasing medication delivery and lowering the drug-related negative effects. Several kinds of nanoparticles have been employed in the past to treat TB in humans as well as animals, either as antibacterial substances or as transporters of drugs. Chemotherapy for TB fails because of limited acceptance by patients, adverse effects, drug breakdown prior to reaching its site of action, and decreased emulsification. An artificially synthesized derivative of Fluoxetine (FLX) was launched as a discriminatory particular anti-TB agent in 2018 after a study on many CNS medications. The antibacterial effects of this drug on the reference strain of TB (H37RV) were investigated. When it comes to anti-TB medications, pulmonary administration holds promise because these medications have substantial adverse effects, insoluble in water, and poor biological distribution if taken orally. Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) are intended to provide regulated discharge of pharmaceuticals at sustainable curative levels in tissue or plasma, hence achieving the intended therapeutic outcome. This article aims to investigate the conventional treatment regimen for TB, the role of nanotechnology in prevention and treatment of TB, and the efficiency of drug delivery systems used for the treatment of TB.

Keywords: Drug delivery system, Nanotechnology, Mycobacterium bovis, Antibacterial effect, Plasma, Therapeutic outcome.